• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for producing an instantaneous pressure on a workpiece includes a working piston, one side of which is impinged by gas under pressure tending to move the working piston from a starting position in a direction towards the workpiece, whereas the other side of the working piston is over a control valve impingable by a pressure fluid, preferably a hydraulic fluid, whereby the working piston is returnable to the starting position. A control piston is movable from a first position extending into a space communicating with the space into which the pressure fluid is fed to a second position moved out of the space and the volume of the control piston is such so as to produce during its movement from said first to said second position an instantaneous relief of the pressure of the pressure fluid acting on the other side of the working piston, whereby a corresponding instantaneous pressure is produced on the workpiece by a piston rod projecting from the other side of the working piston in engagement with the workpiece. The apparatus is used for forging, deep drawing, coining, etc. of a workpiece.
    公开号:SU797559A3
    申请号:SU762430854
    申请日:1976-12-20
    公开日:1981-01-15
    发明作者:Кнебель Хорст
    申请人:Knaebel Horst；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the processing of materials by pressure, in particular to devices for pulsed processing of workpieces.
    A device is known for pulsed pressure treatment of workpieces, comprising a housing, inside of which there is a working piston with a rod and a switchgear for supplying energy to the piston and rod cavities fl].
    However, in this device, the working piston accelerates and reaches the workpiece with high speed. This requires a large stroke of the acceleration of the working piston, which increases the dimensions of the device, while increasing the duration of the load cycle.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency., -20 This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a plunger with an axial displacement drive mounted in the housing and included in the rod cavity, while the piston cavity is connected to a source of compressed gas, and the rod cavity is connected via controlled distribution valve with a source of fluid under pressure, the plunger drive is made in the form of a sealed gas cavity, which includes one of the ends of the plunger, and a pusher placed in the cavity 5 of the housing at the other end a plunger connected to the piston channel cavity, wherein the plunger at the end facing the push rod, the locking element is formed, cooperating with a valve seat 10 formed in the housing.
    The plunger is made in the form of a ring mounted concentrically to the working piston with the formation of two cavities at its ends, while one of them, 15 located at the end included in the rod cavity, is connected through an additional controlled valve to a source of fluid under pressure, and the other is sealed and filled with compressed gas; the plunger is made with an external diameter greater than the diameter of the working piston. The controlled distribution valve is equipped with a servo cylinder, the cavity of which 25 is connected to the rod cavity through a shutoff valve formed by the end face of the plunger and the seat.
    A piston cavity was used as a source of compressed gas, while the housing is movable and connected to a power drive, for example, a hydraulic press piston.
    The casing of the device is fixed motionless, and the piston rod is mounted coaxially with the slider of the crank mechanism, while the workpiece is installed between the piston rod and the slider of the crank mechanism.
    A piston cavity is used as a source of compressed gas, in which an additional piston is installed with a rod connected to the power drive, in addition, the cavity in which the pusher is located is connected by means of a distribution valve to a source of compressed liquid.
    Figure 1 shows the device, General view, section; figure 2 is an embodiment of a device with a drive 20 stamp from the crank mechanism; in Fig.Z - an embodiment of a device with an ejector; in Fig.4 is an embodiment of the working rod of the device depicted in 25 Fig.Z; figure 5 is an embodiment with a · pillow of compressed gas in this device; on figb is an embodiment of a device with a movable housing.
    The device comprises a housing 1, in gg which contains a piston 2 with a rod 3. The piston cavity 4. is constantly filled with compressed gas, and the rod cavity 5 is filled with liquid under pressure. . However, in the cavity 5 may be a compressed gas. The housing 1 in one embodiment of the device is moved by the working piston 6 of the hydraulic press. In the housing in the cavity 7 filled with gas, a plunger 8 is mounted, interacting 40 with the end face entering the rod cavity with a sealing seat 9. The plunger drive 8 is made in the form of a pusher 10 located in the cavity of the housing 1 and connected by a channel 11 with 45 cavity 4 The filling of the cavity 5 with the working medium is carried out through a controlled distribution valve 12 and a discharge pipe 13. The valve 12 has a control piston 14, which is connected through the channel 15 to the cavity 16, this will happen as soon as the pressure in the cavity 4 is such what the pusher 10 and the plunger 8 would overcome the pressure in the cavity 7. The piston rod can be made in the form of a stamp 19, the matrix 20 is attached to the housing 1. The opposite stamp 21 is driven by a crank mechanism, on the slider 22 of which is located 6Q in the guides 23, the stamp 21 is fixed, the slider 22 is connected by a connecting rod 24 with the crank 25. The workpiece 26 is placed between the stamps. The plunger 8 is formed as a "ring (2), t kotoro- diameter greater than the diameter 65 of the working piston 2. In the housing formed limiter moving piston 2 in the form of shoulders 27. In this embodiment, the plunger 8 control is performed by applying a liquid through the cavity end face three-way valve 28. According to the embodiment of FIG. 3, an ejector is provided. For this, the rod 5 is made with an extension 29 with shoulders 30 and 31, a piston 2 is placed between them, in which a recess 32 is made. In addition, the rod can be made with an additional extension 33, which enters the cavity 34 in the housing.
    In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the gas is compressed by a piston 35 located in the housing 1, the liquid enters the cavity 36 from. . pump 37 through valve 12, pipe 13, non-return valve 38 and three-way valve 39. From pump 37, pressure is supplied through a two-way valve 40 throttle 41 and into the cavity in which the plunger is located 10. The fluid from the cavity 36 is drained through the pipe 42 into the tank 43. According to the embodiment of FIG. 6, the housing 1 is moved by a piston 6 located in the hydraulic press cylinder 44. A piston cavity 45 is connected through a pipe 46 to a pump 47. 48 indicates a gas supply channel in the cavity 4. 49 indicates a channel for supplying liquid to the pusher cavity 10.
    The operation of the device is as follows.
    The device moves the piston 6 to contact with the workpiece. The rod cavity 5 is filled through the valve 12 and the pipe 13 with a liquid under pressure, which enables the piston 2 to rise, overcoming the gas pressure in the cavity 4. Through the valve 12, the liquid is also supplied into the cavity above the end of the plunger 8. When the pusher 5 reaches a certain pressure, the pusher 10 overcomes the force the gas pressure in the cavity 7 and moves the plunger 8. This can happen at the moment when the rod 3 with the tool fixed on it rests against the workpiece 26. When the plunger 8 is torn off from the sealing surface 9, it is accelerated by the fluid pressure cavities 5, increasing the overall volume of the cavity 5, so that the instantaneous pressure reduction occurs in the stem cavity. At this point, the rod cavity is connected to the pipe 13. The liquid is supported by the throttle 17; acts on the control piston 14 of the control valve 12, as a result of which the flow of fluid to the pipe 13 is stopped. Due to the sudden decrease in pressure in the cavity 5 arising due to the rapid movement of the plunger 8, the gas pressure in the cavity 4 acts on the working piston 2 and causes s
    instant workpiece loading. 2b. During and after the stroke of the piston 2, the fluid enters through the pipe 13 and through the throttle 17 into the reservoir 18. The fluid drain is interrupted as soon as the plunger 8 under the influence of gas pressure in the cavity 7 touches the sealing seat 9.
    . An embodiment of the device ’shown in FIG. 2 is intended, for example, for extruding or stamping sheet blanks. The opposite stamp 21 is connected to the crank mechanism. Idling of large length is carried out by a crank mechanism, and the working stroke is carried out by the hydraulic part of the device. In this case, to control the annular plunger 8, pressure is supplied to the cavity 5 above the plunger through the valve 28. A control pulse is supplied to the valve 28 when the crank mechanism is in the top dead center position. After the end of the stroke (Fig. H), the gas pressure in the cavity 4 through the extension cord 29 acts on the rod 3, 25 which pushes the workpiece. The stroke of the rod 3 when pushing is limited by the shoulders 31, abutting against the piston 2. In order to ensure that the piston 2 and the rod 3 fall into the desired initial position, the pressure in the cavity 5 should be significantly higher than the gas pressure in the cavity 4. According to the variant , depicted in figure 5, the piston 35 performs the function of the piston 6 of the press.
    (figure 1). In this case, the fluid is supplied through the valve 12, pipe 13, through the check valve 38, the three-way valve 39 into the cavity 36. At the same time, the liquid is also fed into the cavity 5. The surface of the piston 2 is smaller than the surface of the piston 35, so the piston 35 moves in the direction of the workpiece. In addition, the liquid through the valve 40 and the throttle 41 is fed 45 into the cavity of the pusher 10, which, when a certain pressure is reached, tears the plunger 8 away from the sealing surface 9. Next, the workpiece is pre-loaded with a compression force due to the difference of surfaces with diameters d ^^ - d ^. The fluid along the channel 15 through the throttle 17 is discharged. The resulting pressure build-up drives the control piston 14 of the valve 12, and the valve 12 interrupts the flow of fluid to the pipe 13. The connection to the reservoir 18 is interrupted when the pressure in the cavity 7 moves the plunger 8 to its original position, after which the duty cycle is repeated . In this case, the piston 35 and the working piston 2 periodically move in the direction of the workpiece, without interrupting the contact. In practice (Fig.6) connect the housing 1 directly to the hydraulic press or piston. 6. After which the whole device moves in the direction of the workpiece by the pressure of the liquid supplied
    - d cavity 45. The pusher 10 is moved by the pressure of the fluid supplied to the cavity through channel 49. The process is then repeated as previously described.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    connected to a power drive, for example with a piston of a hydraulic press. The device body is fixed and the working piston rod is installed coaxially with the slider crank mechanism, while the workpiece is installed between the working piston rod and the slider crank mechanism, the piston cavity is used as a source of compressed gas, connected to the power drive, in addition, the cavity in which the pusher is located is connected by means of a distribution valve to a source of compressed fluid. Fig, 1 shows a device, a general view, a section; Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a device with a die drive from a crank mechanism; Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a device with an ejector; Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the working rod of the device shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the embodiment c. a cushion of compressed gas in this device; figb is an embodiment of a device with a movable body. The device comprises a housing 1 in which a piston 2 is placed with a rod 3, a Piston nojiocTb 4. is constantly filled with compressed gas, and the rod cavity 5 is filled with pressurized fluid. However, in the cavity 5 there can be compressed gas. The housing 1 in one of the embodiments of the device is moved by the working piston 6 of the hydraulic press, in the housing in the cavity 7 filled with gas, a plunger 8 is mounted, which interacts with an end face entering the rod cavity with a sealing seat 9, The plunger drive 8 is made in the form of a plunger 10, placed in the cavity of the housing 1 and connected with the channel 11 to the cavity 4, the cavity 5 is filled with the working medium through a controlled distribution valve 12 and the discharge pipe 13, the valve 12 has a piston 14 that controls The channel 15 is connected to the cavity 16, this will happen as soon as the pressure in cavity 4 is such that the pusher 10 and the plunger 8 overcome the pressure in cavity 7, the working piston rod can be made in the form of a die 19, the die 20 is fixed to the housing 1, the opposite stamp 21 is brought with a crank mechanism, on the slider 22 of which is placed in the guides 23, the stamp of the slider 22 is fixed by a connecting rod 24 with a crown 25, the workpiece 26 is placed between the dies. The plunger 8 is made in the form of a ring (Fig. 2), the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the working piston 2. In the case, the piston 2 moves to limiting movement in the form of shoulders 27. In this embodiment, the plunger 8 is controlled by supplying the liquid through the three-way valve 28, According to the variant of FIG. 3, an ejector is provided. For this, the rod 5 is made with an extension 29 with shoulders 30 and 31, a piston 2 is placed between them, in which a recess 32 is made. In addition, the rod can be made with an additional extension 33 entering the cavity 34 in the housing. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the gas is compressed by the piston 35 placed in the housing 1, the liquid enters the cavity 36 from. . pump 37 through valve 12, pipe 13, non-return valve 38 and three-way valve 39. From pump 37, pressure is supplied through two-way valve 40 and throttle 41 and into the cavity in which the pusher 10 is spaced. reservoir 43. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the housing 1 is moved by the piston 6 placed in the hydraulic press cylinder 44. Piston cavity 45 through pipe 46 is connected to pump 47. Position 48 indicates the gas supply channel in cavity 4. Position 49 indicates the channel for supplying liquid to the cavity of the pusher 10. The device's PaOoia is a slit). The device moves the piston 6 to contact with the workpiece, the rod cavity 5 is filled through the valve 12 and the pipe 13 with pressurized fluid to lift the piston 2, overcoming the gas pressure in the cavity 4. Through the valve 12, the liquid is supplied to the cavity above the end of the plunger 8 when the pressure in the cavity 5 reaches a certain pressure, the pusher 10 overcomes the pressure force of the gas in cavity 7 and moves the plunger 8. This can happen at the moment when the rod 3 with the tool fixed on it rests on the workpiece 26. When the plunger 8 is torn off tighter guide surface 9, it is accelerated by the pressurized fluid in the cavity 5, increases the overall volume of the cavity 5, thereby reducing the pressure occurs in the instantaneous rod cavity. At this moment, the rod cavity is connected to the pipeline 13. The liquid is supported by the throttle 17; acts on the piston 14 of the control of the distribution valve 12, as a result of which the flow of fluid to the pipeline 13 stops. Due to the sudden decrease in pressure in cavity 5, resulting from the rapid movement of the plunger 8, the gas pressure in cavity 4 affects the working pressure 2 and causes instantaneous loads to the workpiece, 26 During and after the working stroke, the piston 2 liquid enters through the pipe 13 and through the throttle 17 into the reservoir 18. The liquid is interrupted as soon as the plunger 8 under the action of gas pressure in the cavity 7 pr The adapter is mounted on the sealing seat 9. The embodiment of the device shown in Fig. 2, for example, is intended to extrude or sheet inserts. The contra-dies 21 are connected to a crank-and-thrust mechanism. A large idle is made by a crank-and-thrust drive mechanism, and the working stroke is carried out by the hydraulic part of the device. In this case, to control the annular plunger, pressure is supplied to the cavity 5 above the plunger through the valve 28. The control pulse is applied to the valve 28 at the position of the crank-connecting rod mechanism at the top dead center. After the end of the working stroke (Fig.), The gas pressure in the cavity 4 through the extension 29 acts on the rod which pushes the workpiece. The stroke of the rod 3 when ejected is limited to the shoulders 31 resting on the piston 2. In order to ensure that the piston 2 and the rod 3 fall into the required initial position, the pressure in the cavity 5 must be significantly higher than the gas pressure in the cavity 4. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the piston 35 acts as the piston 6 of the press (Fig. 1). through valve 12, pipe 13, che Without the check valve 38, the three-way valve 39 into the cavity 36. At the same time, the fluid flows into the cavity 5. The surface of the piston 2 is smaller than the surface of the piston 35, therefore the piston 35 moves in the direction of the workpiece. a pusher 10 into the cavity, which, when a certain pressure is reached, separates the plunger 8 from the sealing surface 9. Next, the workpiece is preloaded with a compressing force due to the separation of surfaces with diameters. Fluid through channel 15 through the choke 17 em plums ,. The resulting pressure boost drives the control piston 14 of valve 12, and valve 12 interrupts the flow of fluid to the pipeline 13. The connection to reservoir 18 is interrupted when the pressure in cavity 7 moves plunger 8 to its original position, after which the working cycle is repeated. is. At the same time, the piston 35 and the working piston 2 periodically move in the direction of the workpiece, without interrupting the contact. In practice (Fig. 6), the housing 1 is connected directly to a hydraulic press or a piston. 6. After that, the whole device moves in the direction of the workpiece by the pressure of the fluid supplied to the cavity 45. The pusher 10 moves by the pressure of the fluid supplied to the cavity through the channel 49. Then the process is repeated as previously described. Claim 1. Device for impulse pressure treatment of workpieces, comprising a housing inside which a working piston with a rod and a distribution device for supplying energy carrier to the piston and rod cavity are located, characterized in that, in order to rotate. Efficiency, it is equipped with a plunger with a drive for its axial movement,. mounted in the housing and entering the rod cavity, wherein the piston cavity is connected to a source of compressed gas, and the rod cavity is connected by means of a controlled distribution valve to a source of liquid under pressure. .
    [2]
    2. The device according to Claim 1, 0 tl and h aa e so that the plunger drive is made in the form of a sealed gas. the cavity into which one of the ends of the plunger enters, and the pusher placed in the body cavity at the other end of the plunger connected by a channel with the piston cavity, while at the end of the plunger facing the pusher there is made a locking element interacting with a saddle made in the body.
    [3]
    3. The device according to Claim 1, about t l and one that the plunger is made in the form of a ring mounted concentrically with the working piston with the formation of two cavities at its ends, one of them located at the end entering the rod cavity, It is connected through an additional controlled valve to a source of liquid under pressure, and the other is sealed and filled with compressed gas.
    [4]
    4. The device according to p. 3, about t l and that the plunger is made with an outer diameter with a large diameter of the working piston.
    [5]
    5. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the controlled distribution valve is provided with a servo cylinder (1b), the cavity of which is connected to the outlet through a 1-way valve, which forms the end of the plunger and the seat.
    [6]
    6. A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that a maneuver cavity is used as a source of compressed gas, while
    the body is movable and connected to a power drive, for example, with a piston of a hydraulic press.
    7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is fixed and the working piston rod is coaxial with the slider crank mechanism, while the workpiece is installed between the working piston rod and the slider crank mechanism.
    [7]
    8. Device POP.1, characterized in that, a piston cavity is used as a source of compressed gas, in which an additional position is installed with a rod connected with a power drive.
    [8]
    9. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavity in which the pusher is located is connected by means of a distribution valve to a source of compressed fluid;
    [9]
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. Accepted for Germany №2230396, cl. B 21 J 7/24, 1972, 7/1 No. - / -
    J5 / .6 7
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE7614407L|1977-07-14|
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    DE2600948A1|1977-07-21|
    GB1563847A|1980-04-02|
    FR2338133A1|1977-08-12|
    DE2600948B2|1979-12-06|
    FR2338133B1|1983-04-22|
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    JPS6029600B2|1985-07-11|
    BR7700025A|1977-09-06|
    CA1022038A|1977-12-06|
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    SE421286B|1981-12-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DD83953A|
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    US3108503A|1960-10-31|1963-10-29|Gen Dynamics Corp|High energy rate forming machine|
    US3155009A|1961-08-03|1964-11-03|Gen Dynamics Corp|High energy actuator apparatus|
    DE1552835B2|1966-01-22|1972-03-02|Langenstein & Schemann Ag, 8630 Coburg|COUNTERSHOT FORMING MACHINE|
    AT271143B|1967-10-09|1969-05-27|Langestein & Schemann Ag|Machine for shaping a workpiece between two bears|
    AT272798B|1967-11-06|1969-07-25|Langenstein & Schemann Ag|Hydraulic coupling hammer|
    US3756065A|1971-06-28|1973-09-04|V Kononenko|Vertical machine for working metals by impulses|
    DE2157349C3|1971-11-19|1978-07-06|Charkovskij Aviazionnyj Institut, Charkow |
    FR2190052A5|1972-06-22|1974-01-25|Kh Avia Sionny|DE2733399C2|1977-07-23|1983-04-14|Horst Ing. 4005 Meerbusch Knäbel|Unit of force as a working organ, e.g. for presses for forming, compacting, etc.|
    US4150603A|1977-09-06|1979-04-24|Joy Manufacturing Company|Fluid operable hammer|
    DE2916191C2|1979-04-21|1987-09-10|Horst Dipl.-Ing. 4005 Meerbusch De Knaebel|
    DE3000103C2|1980-01-03|1986-04-24|Dieter 4320 Hattingen Hoffmann|Device for guiding a traction mechanism with several pulleys leading the respective traction mechanism strand and / or empty strand|
    DE3039200C2|1980-10-17|1983-01-05|Horst Ing. 4005 Meerbusch Knäbel|Adjusting device for a power unit|
    DE3705110C2|1987-02-18|1990-01-18|Horst 8633 Roedental De Bachmann|
    DE3917452C1|1989-05-30|1990-10-25|Inter-Wood-Maschinen Gmbh & Co Kg, 8923 Lechbruck, De|
    US5205149A|1991-09-11|1993-04-27|Amada Mfg. America Inc.|Press machine having adjustable striker|
    US5184498A|1992-02-21|1993-02-09|Amada Mfg. America, Inc.|Turret punch press|
    DE59306000D1|1993-04-26|1997-04-30|Danly Corp|PRESS DRIVEN TOOL MODULE, ESPECIALLY A PRESS DRIVEN CROSS PUNCHING OR BENDING UNIT|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2600948A|DE2600948C3|1976-01-13|1976-01-13|Unit of force as a working organ, e.g. for presses for forming, compacting, etc.|
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